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71.
Nuclear phosphoprotein kinases from normal rat liver and transplantable neoplasms were fractionated and compared. A phosphoprotein kinase fraction activated by Mn2+ was found to be present only in the neoplasms. This nuclear protein kinase phosphorylated nuclear proteins represented by one major and several minor bands as determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (M approximately 50,000). 相似文献
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Ming-Chih Chiu Kei Nukazawa Thaddeus Carvajal Vincent H. Resh Bin Li Kozo Watanabe 《Ecography》2020,43(12):1891-1901
Different shapes of landscape boundaries can affect the habitat networks within them and consequently the spatial genetic-patterns of a metapopulation. In this study, we used a mechanistic framework to evaluate the effects of landscape shape, through watershed elongation, on genetic divergence among populations at the metapopulation scale. Empirical genetic data from four, sympatric stream-macroinvertebrates having aerial adults were collected from streams in Japan to determine the roles of species-specific dispersal strategies on metapopulation genetics. Simulation results indicated that watershed elongation allows the formation of river networks with fewer branches and larger topographic constraints. This results in decreased interpopulation connectivity but a lower level of spatial isolation of distal populations (e.g. those found in headwaters) occurring in the landscapes examined. Distal populations had higher genetic divergence when their downstream-biased dispersal (relative to upstream- and/or overland-biased dispersal) was high. This underscores the importance of distal populations influencing genetic divergence at the metapopulation scale for species having downstream-biased dispersal. In turn, lower genetic divergence was observed under watershed elongation when the genetic isolation of distal populations was decreased in such species. This strong association between landscape shape and evolutionary processes highlights the importance of natural, spatial architecture in assessing the effectiveness of conservation and management strategies. 相似文献
75.
Andjela Bajic Roberto Tarantino Loraine L. Y. Chiu Thomas Duever Stephen D. Waldman 《Biotechnology progress》2020,36(5):e3017
Tissue engineering is a promising option for cartilage repair. However, several hurdles still need to be overcome to develop functional tissue constructs suitable for implantation. One of the most common challenges is the general low capacity of chondrocytes to synthesize cartilage-specific extracellular matrix (ECM). While different approaches have been explored to improve the biosynthetic response of chondrocytes, several studies have demonstrated that the nutritional environment (e.g., glucose concentration and media volume) can have a profound effect on ECM synthesis. Thus, the purpose of this study was to optimize the formulation of cell culture media to upregulate the accumulation of cartilaginous ECM constituents (i.e., proteoglycans and collagen) by chondrocytes in 3D culture. Using response surface methodology, four different media factors (basal media, media volume, glucose, and glutamine) were first screened to determine optimal media formulations. Constructs were then cultured under candidate optimal media formulations for 4 weeks and analyzed for their biochemical and structural properties. Interestingly, the maximal accumulation of proteoglycans and collagen appeared to be elicited by different media formulations. Most notably, proteoglycan accumulation was favored by high volume, low glucose-containing DMEM/F12 (1:1) media whereas collagen accumulation was favored by high volume, high glucose-containing F12 media. While high glutamine-containing media elicited increased DNA content, glutamine concentration had no apparent effect on ECM accumulation. Therefore, optimizing the nutritional environment during chondrocyte culture appears to be a promising, straight-forward approach to improve cartilaginous tissue formation. Future work will investigate the combined effects of the nutritional environment and external stimuli. 相似文献
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Chen Han-Wen Zhang Xiao-Xia Peng Zhu-Ding Xing Zu-Min Zhang Yi-Wen Li Ya-Lan 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》2021,476(4):1751-1763
Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry - Treatment of bone cancer pain (BCP) caused by bone metastasis in advanced cancers remains a challenge in clinical oncology, and the underlying mechanisms of... 相似文献
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探索目的基因在转基因白桦杂交子代群体中的传递规律,为后续进一步跟踪调查,实现转基因白桦的聚合育种提供帮助。以1年生BpAP1、TabZIP转基因白桦杂交T1代和5年生BpGH3.5、BpCCR转基因白桦为研究对象,测定杂交子代种子千粒质量、发芽率和发芽势等活力指标,同时采用PCR扩增法检测目的基因,调查杂交T2代白桦苗高。杂交子代各家系间种子千粒质量、种子活力指标和苗高等在0.01水平上差异显著,各性状的家系遗传力均高于85.00%。研究结果表明,目的基因在T2代群体中的传递规律不符合孟德尔遗传规律,雌、雄配子目的基因的传递效率分别为30.00%、50.00%左右,同时未获得3目的基因聚合的杂交T2代个体。目的基因的随机插入降低了白桦杂交T2代种子活力,未获得3基因聚合的白桦杂交子代,目的基因的聚合对杂交子代个体的生长发育产生了不利影响,甚至产生致死现象。 相似文献
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Lizard beetles (Erotylidae, Languriinae, Languriini) are known as stem borers of plants and contain agricultural pests and endangered species, but their species–host plant associations have been poorly documented. Here we investigated the larval host plants of two species of the genus Tetraphala Strum, T. collaris (Crotch) and Tetraphala sp. occurring in Taiwan. Females of T. collaris excavated living leafstalks and stems of the herbaceous dicot, Sambucus chinensis (Adoxaceae) using their mandibles for oviposition. We observed the eggs and early-instar larvae inside and nearby oviposition holes and late-instar larvae inside stems, suggesting that T. collaris uses living leafstalks and stems of S. chinensis as oviposition substrate and the larvae tunnel into stems with feeding on the tissues. Similarly, females of Tetraphala sp. excavated living leafstalks of the fern, Pteris wallichiana (Pteridaceae) using their mandibles for oviposition. We observed the eggs and early-instar larvae inside and nearby oviposition holes. When reared in laboratory, a larva reached adulthood inside the leafstalk. These results indicated that Tetraphala sp. uses living leafstalks of Pt. wallichiana as oviposition substrate and the larvae complete their development within. This study revealed that the genus Tetraphala contains both fern- and dicot-users during larval period. Further study is needed to clarify the evolutionary process of host plant use of languriines. Additionally, the host plant list of Languriini is provided. 相似文献
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I-Hui Yang Yao-Ting Tsai Siou-Jin Chiu Li-Teh Liu Hsuan-Hung Lee Ming-Feng Hou Wen-Li Hsu Ben-Kuen Chen Wei-Chiao Chang 《Journal of biomedical science》2013,20(1):41